New photovoltaic application scenarios have broad prospects

① BIPV: a new scenario for photovoltaic use

Photovoltaic power station is the terminal market of photovoltaic industry chain. It can be divided into centralized power station and distributed power station according to the installed scale of the power station, the interval between the power station and the user, and the voltage level connected to the power grid. Distributed power plants can be roughly divided into three categories:

 

1) bapv (photovoltaic module combined with construction) is the main form at present, that is, the power plant is built on the roof and outside the wall that has been put into use, which has no impact on the construction of the original structure. Bapv’s only intention is to use idle space for power generation, and its core demand is to improve power generation efficiency (including low cost and high power);

 

2) BIPV (integration of photovoltaic module construction) is also the combination of photovoltaic module and construction. The difference is that the photovoltaic module and construction are integrated as an integral part, and the module has the functions of power generation, decoration and building materials, not taking the power generation function as the only consideration specification;

 

3) non construction scene, including agricultural light complementary, fish light complementary and other projects, organically combining photovoltaic and other professions.

BIPV is used for power generation, building materials and beauty. For the traditional bapv, the PV module is only used as an accessory of the construction, and the intention is to use the rated unused construction space for power generation;

BIPV not only retains the power generation function of photovoltaic components, but also becomes a part of building structure as building materials. In addition, bapv is more like a part of “superfluous” construction, which lacks aesthetic consideration in design.

BIPV can customize components with different curvature, color, shape and transparency according to the structure built, and the “color value” is higher.

 

② market capacity

According to the third-party calculation, the global market capacity is now around 1.1-1.5 billion US dollars.

In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has gradually developed into a mature industry, and the product price of the whole profession in the process of going online at a fair price has also declined rapidly, and the power continues to increase; however, due to the supply side reform, the price of building materials has increased in recent years, both of which have jointly improved the cost performance of BIPV.

In the long run, this is still a blue ocean shopping mall with a far less mining degree. Taking China as an example, by 2018, the total scale of shopping malls of BIPV in China is only about 1.1gw, and the scale of shopping malls is expected to be less than 5 billion;

According to the data of the National Bureau of calculation, the annual construction area in China is about 4 billion square meters. If according to the BIPV penetration rate of 2%, the annual incremental space of new construction is more than 100 billion, far higher than the current market capacity.

 

③ skill plan: thin film battery is the best

From the perspective of the development of photovoltaic cells, the industry generally divides them into crystalline silicon cells and thin-film cells, which include inorganic compound cells and new thin-film cells.

With the best cost performance ratio, crystalline silicon battery is the absolute mainstream of the photovoltaic industry, accounting for more than 90% of the share of the dry flow photovoltaic market; however, the surface of crystalline silicon battery has its own grid line, which is not uniform in color, and the silicon data is not transparent, so it is difficult to be used as BIPV module;

In addition, from the perspective of a first-line manufacturer’s crystal silicon hollow BIPV module, its light transmission is achieved at the expense of a large number of power generation areas, and the light transmission effect at the silicon chip coverage area is also poor. In general, from the characteristics of various skills and the requirements of BIPV, all the membrane skills (CdTe and CIGS) are more suitable for BIPV;

However, crystalline silicon technology (Convention and IBC) is hard damaged in product richness and flexibility, which greatly limits their use scenarios.

 

④ investment suggestions

At present, BIPV shopping mall is still in the cultivation period. After the establishment of the alliance, the establishment of external policies and specifications is expected to accelerate. After years of experience in internal thin-film batteries, the cost of skills such as CdTe and perovskite has gradually become more competitive. The performance price ratio in the market segmentation is prominent, and the use of BIPV before is expected to accelerate penetration, becoming an important part of the photovoltaic shopping mall.

 

(1) BIPV: the new photovoltaic scenario photovoltaic power station is the terminal market of photovoltaic industry chain. It can be divided into centralized power station and distributed power station according to the installed scale of the power station, the interval between the power station and the user, and the voltage level connected to the power grid. Distributed power plants can be roughly divided into three categories: