At the end of last week, Wang Chuanfu, chairman of BYD, said at the forum of China's 100 people's Association of electric vehicles (2020), BYD will launch a new generation of blade batteries in March, with a volume energy density 50% higher than that of traditional lithium iron batteries, which will be applied to the new BYD "Han" EV model, which will be offline in Chongqing factory, with a endurance of more than 600 km.
(source: wechat Volkswagen No. "e-carcom" ID: eautofan)
As soon as the news came out, BYD raised the limit.
The officially named blade battery is the "super lithium iron phosphate battery" proposed by Wang Chuanfu at the BYD mid year performance communication meeting last year. Now that 811 battery is in mass production and application, and solid-state battery is on the way, BYD still hasn't abandoned lithium iron phosphate battery, and with the progress of skills, it can reach the same energy density level as ternary lithium battery. What is the black technology in the center?
Power battery is one of the core components of new energy vehicles. In fact, there are many kinds of power batteries for new energy vehicles. According to the different positive data, power batteries can be divided into lithium titanate, lithium cobaltite, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, nickel cobalt manganese and nickel cobalt aluminum.
At present, the most widely used lithium-ion batteries are the nickel cobalt aluminum, nickel cobalt manganese and other battery products used by Tesla. However, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate is not as high as that of lithium-ion battery, so it is not easy to meet the subsidy requirements. Therefore, in the case of the decline of subsidies and the progress of the journey requirements, lithium iron phosphate is gradually thrown away by the market. As the main product of lithium iron phosphate, BYD was once large The scale of use of ternary lithium battery, and then in the battery category by the Ningde era.
The new lithium iron phosphate "blade battery" developed by BYD is so named because it is more "flat" and "long" than the traditional square battery. It is said that the "volume specific energy density" of the blade battery is 50% higher than that of the traditional lithium iron battery, and its daily performance is reduced by 20% - 30%. The discharge rate will be greatly improved, and its service life will be as long as 8 years and 1.2 million kilometers. The battery with the same weight and volume can have a longer endurance and retain the characteristics of long life and high safety of lithium iron phosphate battery.
In recent years, electric vehicle safety accidents occur frequently, most of which are caused by battery fire.
In order to improve the endurance distance, most of the current vehicle enterprises choose the ternary lithium battery with high nickel component, "532" as the basis, "622" type is now very common, and even the "811" battery has been installed in the mass production vehicles, that is to say, the cobalt and manganese components that maintain the battery stability only account for 20% or less. With the progress of the endurance distance, the battery safety has become A big hidden danger.
The thermal runaway temperature of the ternary lithium battery is lower than 300 ℃, and that of some high nickel ternary lithium batteries is even lower than 200 ℃, while the thermal runaway temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery is more than 500 ℃, and the capacity begins to decline after about 3500 cycles in the cycle life, while the ternary lithium battery will decline after 2000 cycles of charging and discharging, which is the most important safety and cycle life In life, lithium iron phosphate batteries are much better.
BYD's introduction of blade batteries also means that BYD will return to lithium iron phosphate. In the Ningde era, BYD was one of the few leading enterprises in the domestic power battery market, but previously, due to the state subsidies, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate battery was low, and it could not meet the needs of the state subsidies, so the later three yuan lithium battery gradually became the mainstream, BYD also chose to use the three yuan lithium battery, but it has never abandoned the research of lithium iron phosphate battery.
According to the calculation, the average cost of BYD's new energy passenger car battery pack in 2019 is 0.85 yuan / wh. After replacing it with lithium iron phosphate blade battery, the cost is expected to drop by 30%, and it is estimated that the cost will drop to 0.6 yuan / wh. As the current average level, the battery capacity of a pure electric passenger car is about 60 kwh. If the battery is replaced with lithium iron phosphate blade battery, the cost of a single battery will be reduced by about 15000 yuan.
As for BYD's battery start-up company, the battery supporting vehicle developed by itself will be much more controllable in terms of vehicle profit and cost than other battery models. Together, as the most skilled commercial vehicle category of BYD, the battery cell of BYD's blade battery can be up to 2.5 meters long, so the volume of the battery is obviously not prepared for passenger cars. According to the current business planning of BYD, the blade battery will also be used in the future of BYD's pure electric bus.
When the lower cost lithium iron phosphate battery can achieve the same range as the three-way battery model, it can also be seen as a challenge letter from BYD about Ningde era and other battery suppliers, striving to shake Ningde era's dominant position in the battery industry.
From the ternary lithium battery back to the era of lithium iron phosphate battery, the positive information of the battery is actually more widespread, and the cost reduction together will not occupy too much resources, which is also a kind of progress for shopping malls. If BYD can do this, it will greatly change the current lithium battery industry chain, especially the format of lithium iron phosphate.
And BYD's latest model, Han, will also be equipped with a new lithium iron phosphate blade battery pack. As for the real performance, we need to see the real chapter in the real car.
